Odyssey Mineral Prospectivity Modelling

Part 1: Analytical Prospectivity

Prospectivity Modelling at Odyssey takes many forms, depending on the type of minerals being mapped.

This blog will explore Odyssey’s proprietary system called BAMCAN,  a data-driven and GIS-based analytical approach to identifying polymetallic nodules from hull-mounted multibeam.

BAMCAN, short for Backscatter Angle Range Map Cluster Analysis for Nodules, is an analytical method we developed as part of our broader Global Prospectivity process, which uses multibeam backscatter data with environmental and geological information to detect patterns in seafloor backscatter and geologic domains, particularly in water depths greater than about 3,000 meters.

Seafloor backscatter is the corrected measurement of acoustic energy reflected off the seafloor and returned to a sonar receiver. BAMCAN is a detailed modeling technique designed to extract exploration value from both existing survey archives and future updates to available datasets.

Validation Through Ground-Truth Data:

After initial data is received, we validate the model outputs by comparing them with ground truth data – direct observations such as existing seafloor photographs, physical samples, seafloor descriptions, and survey data.

When newly collected data becomes available, output products can also be checked against current observations and updated over time. This comparison process helps strengthen confidence in the model’s interpretations while allowing the analysis to improve as more information becomes available.

What the Outputs Provide

Results from BAMCAN help map the extent of nodule prospectivity and coverage within a study area while also offering additional insights into benthic habitats. These outputs can support exploration strategy, scientific research, and regulatory or management planning. In the case study described in the abstract, Odyssey applied the method to multibeam data collected across the South Pacific from multiple cruises, vessels, systems, and frequencies between 2005 and 2023, demonstrating how BAMCAN can integrate diverse data sources into a consistent exploration framework.

Why BAMCAN Matters

At its core, BAMCAN represents a practical capability to turn archived multibeam sonar data and GIS clustering into actionable insight for deep-sea mineral exploration. By defining seafloor geological domains and classifying where nodules may exist, this method helps guide prospecting efforts at remote depths while also contributing useful information for science and marine planning.

Nodule fields also comprise a type of deep ocean marine habitat in low-relief areas otherwise predominated by soft sediments. Understanding where nodules are located and how much of the seafloor they cover is important not only for mineral exploration, but also for studying deep-sea ecosystems. This information helps scientists and regulators evaluate potential environmental impacts of future projects and better understand different types of deep-ocean habitats.